For my car as it was then (TDI 110, ASV) there are, in addition to the tensioner, two idler rollers, to make the belt wrap round the injection pump and water pump pulleys. They are sometimes changed along with the tensioner, but it's very rarely necessary. I'm afraid I don't have a breakdown that shows the price of the tensioner on its own, I got a kit that included the tensioner - which in any case will be different from the one your engine needs.
The tensioner is an assembly including a roller and a tensioning spring. It puts tension in to the belt and ensures it engages properly with the toothed pulleys. If it fails, the belt can jump a tooth or two on the (usually) cam pulley, mucking up the cam timing and in extreme cases trashing the engine.
Cam follower. Well, well, well. It seems that 2.0 TFSI petrol engines have a cam driven mechanical fuel pump, something I've not seen since working on very old fashioned Mini engines. The only references to cam followers in the Mk.2 threads that I can find is for a cam follower between this fuel pump and its driving cam. Why you'd ever want to change it is beyond me.
I don't know for sure, but I'd be extremely surprised if your common-rail diesel had such a pump. Mind you, I don't know what it's doing on the TFSI engine either.